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Simpler rainfall threshold and flash flood guidance approaches are also discussed.
River level forecasts and flash flood guidance are issued by the Middle Atlantic River Forecast Center of the National Weather Service and the Binghamton, NY and State College, PA Weather Forecast Offices (Fig. 1.5).
However, more generalized alerts at a catch- ment or district scale are widely used, based on rainfall depth-duration thresholds and - for rivers - flash flood guidance approaches (see Chaps. 8-11).
Rainfall observations are used in several ways in the flood warning process, including for raising alerts using rainfall depth-duration thresholds and flash flood guidance methods and as direct inputs to flood forecasting models (see Chaps. 8-11).
Satellite precipitation estimates are also increasingly used in flash flood guidance applications in regions where the radar or raingauge coverage is poor or non-existent (see Chap. 8).
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